Understanding Art and Culture
Ditulis pada: November 04, 2021
Performing arts and culture is still easy to see and meet. Examples of cultural arts performances are the Campursari, Jatilan, Bedouin performances, dances, and many others. For life, art and culture are two things that cannot be separated. These two things complement each other. The term culture that we know everyday comes from Sanskrit, which is derived from the word Buddayah.
The word is a plural form that comes from two words, namely the word 'Budi' and the word 'Power'. If interpreted, the word 'Budi' can mean root, mind, or can also be interpreted with reason. While the word 'Power' means effort or effort and endeavor.
So that culture can be interpreted as the human mind and mind in its efforts to fulfill daily life. Culture itself is not only in the form of art, but also includes livelihoods, religion, technology and science.
Culture is closely related to art. But the question now is, what is art? Art, like culture, is a process carried out by humans and becomes part of human life. Art is a human activity based on science. So that art and culture are all human activities that come from the outpouring of thoughts and feelings based on science or knowledge.
If we talk about cultural arts, cultural arts is a very broad thing. Moreover, art includes fine arts, painting, dance, and many other arts.
The following is the definition of art according to some experts that we should know:
1. Ki. Hadjar Dewantara. Ki. Hadjar Dewantara defines art as everything that is done or done by humans. While everything that humans do creates beautiful, pleasant and can refresh the soul. If the human soul becomes happy, it will automatically have a sense of beauty.
2. Herbert Read. Herbert Read said art as all activities that can create something or forms that can please humans. Therefore, if a human makes a work and then he feels happy, what he does is an act of art.
3. Ahdiat Karta Miharja. Ahdiat Karta Miharja defines art as an activity that can reflect our physical self. In addition, these spiritual activities can also arouse feelings or souls not only for oneself, but also for others.
After we know the meaning of art, it would be nice if we also know about the branches of art itself that exist in Indonesia. There are several branches of art that have been recognized in Indonesia. The branches of art are as follows.
The first branch of art is fine arts. The second branch of art is dance or also known as the art of motion. The third branch of art is the art of music, or also commonly called the art of sound or vocal art. Finally, the fourth branch of art is literary art or drama art or also called theater arts.
Fine art itself is divided into two, namely pure art and applied art. Pure art certainly has a difference with applied art. Pure art is art that is intentionally created without considering the function of the art. It can be interpreted, pure art is free art. Examples of pure art that we can find are painting, sculpture or graphic art. While the second art is applied art.
There are several types of applied art, namely as follows:
First is painting, as we all know that painting is a two-dimensional work of art. In Indonesia and even outside all corners of the world, painting always has fans and connoisseurs. Moreover, painting has created artists with various genres so that everyone who is a connoisseur of painting can enjoy painting according to their preferences.
Many famous painters with various styles were born in Indonesia. These artists have been recognized for their abilities to foreign countries. Painting has far more fans than other types of art. If there is a child born to a painter, it is certain that the blood of painting is also present in the child.
If the child or parent wants to hone the art, then the painting spirit possessed by the child will develop. However, if the child does not want to become a painter, usually the blood of painting is only limited to the pleasure of drawing.
Many parents want their children to become painters. Therefore, since elementary school and even kindergarten, the child has been introduced to painting activities through painting lessons.
Painting is widely enjoyed by art fans, because the work produced is not just any work, but the result of expressing the experiences and feelings of the creator of the artwork. The resulting painting will represent the condition of the painter, whether happy, sad, upset, disappointed, happy, and so on.
The second art is craft art. Craft art is different from painting, because in craft art it prioritizes its sense of use and also its beauty. Craft art can be found easily in souvenir centers because Craft art is in the form of decorations that are hung on the walls or in cabinets.
The third is sculpture. Sculpture is a three-dimensional work of art. The artwork is the result of the creation of human hands. No machine has yet been able to perform this act of art.
The fourth art is literary art. Literary art itself includes poetry, short stories, prose, and drama. However, the most frequently performed are poetry and drama.
We can easily find drama performances at art institutes with a major in performance, because they will often feature drama performances. Drama art itself can actually be distinguished from literary arts, namely the performing arts. Drama art has many genres, such as comedy drama.
Whatever the form, art and culture are all human activities that can have a positive impact. This is because this type of art is an activity carried out by humans that does not only use thoughts, but also feelings or by other names creativity, taste, and intention.
People who are able to see art are usually people who are more sensitive, because they are able to see things not only from thoughts, but also from feelings.
Therefore, there will be no harm in studying or knowing the arts and culture, especially since Indonesia is a cultured country. For those who want to enjoy art, it can be anywhere. We can enjoy art through radio, tv, or watching live shows. We can also see art in painting exhibitions, as well as arts and crafts.
